Java +Tomcat + SpringMVC实现页面访问示例解析

window7下Java环境安装记录：

一、安装Tomcat

1、下载tomcat 7.0，解压，无需安装，放置到目录：D:\\apache-tomcat-7.0.90。
2、配置系统环境变量，CATALINA_BASE=D:\\apache-tomcat-7.0.90，CATALINA_HOME=D:\\apache-tomcat-7.0.90，在Path中新增“%CATALINA_HOME%\\lib;%CATALINA_HOME%\\bin”的环境变量。
3、进入D:\\apache-tomcat-7.0.90\\bin，执行startup启动tomcat,浏览器中输入“127.0.0.1:8080”即可查看是否成功。

二、使用SpringMVC搭建页面

1、使用Idea创建SpringMVC工程，webAppTest2

2、修改web/WEB-INF/web.xml的url规则为接受所有

<?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"UTF-8\"?>
<web-app xmlns=\"http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee\"
     xmlns:xsi=\"http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance\"
     xsi:schemaLocation=\"http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd\"
     version=\"4.0\">
  <context-param>
    <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
    <param-value>/WEB-INF/applicationContext.xml</param-value>
  </context-param>
  <listener>
    <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
  </listener>
  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>dispatcher</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
    <init-param>
      <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
      <param-value>classpath:dispatcher-servlet.xml</param-value>
    </init-param>
  </servlet>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>dispatcher</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

3、在src下创建dispatcher-servlet.xml文件

<?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"UTF-8\"?>
<beans xmlns=\"http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans\"
    xmlns:xsi=\"http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance\"
    xmlns:context=\"http://www.springframework.org/schema/context\"
    xmlns:mvc=\"http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc\"
    xsi:schemaLocation=\"http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.1.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.1.xsd\">

  <!-- scan the package and the sub package -->
  <context:component-scan base-package=\"test\"/>

  <!-- don\'t handle the static resource -->
  <mvc:default-servlet-handler />

  <!-- if you use annotation you must configure following setting -->
  <mvc:annotation-driven />

  <!-- configure the InternalResourceViewResolver -->
  <bean class=\"org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver\"
     id=\"internalResourceViewResolver\">
    <!-- 前缀 -->
    <property name=\"prefix\" value=\"/WEB-INF/jsp/\" />
    <!-- 后缀 -->
    <property name=\"suffix\" value=\".jsp\" />
  </bean>
</beans>

4、在src下创建test目录，目录下同时创建MyController文件

package test;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

@Controller
@RequestMapping(\"/mvc\")
public class MyController {

  @RequestMapping(\"/hello\")
  public String hello(){    
    return \"hello\";
  }
}

5、在web/WEB-INF下创建classes和lib文件夹，用来设置编译的.class文件目录和第三方依赖包目录。

6、web/WEB-INF/下创建jsp目录，并在目录下创建hello.jsp

<%@ page contentType=\"text/html;charset=UTF-8\" language=\"java\" %>
<html>
<head>
  <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
Hello world!!!!
</body>
</html>

7、打war包Build–>Build Artifacts,包名webAppTest2,放到D:\\apache-tomcat-7.0.90\\webapps目录下。

8、重启tomcat,访问http://127.0.0.1:8080/webAppTest2/mvc/hello 即可。